Between 2018 and 2019, researchers conducted a retrospective study to ascertain the incidence of sICH in Southwest Finland, standardized to the European population, and to detect the percentage of large sICH patients eligible for surgery based on previously published trial criteria. Researchers also sought to investigate the factors correlated with outcomes, including the impact of anticoagulant and antithrombotic medications.
The researchers gathered and reviewed data on 596 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage, of which 286 were supratentorial sICHs (mean age, 74.45 years; 53% women). Using a head CT taken at initial hospital admission, the volume of intracerebral hemorrhage was measured.
The results revealed that the incidence of sICH was 29.9/100,000 persons per year, with the greatest incidence in individuals aged older than 80 years (110/100,000 males, 142/100,000 females).
Moreover, the incidence of sICH patients meeting surgical criteria was 2.7/100,000 persons per year, and of the 286 patients, only 26 were eligible for surgery and had unfavorable outcomes (P = .0049). Multivariate analysis indicated a significant reduction in favorable outcomes with warfarin (P = .016; odds ratio [OR], 0.42) and direct-acting anticoagulants (DOACs; P = .034; OR, 0.38), while antithrombotic medications demonstrated no meaningful effect.
Based on their findings, the authors concluded that the results provided a valuable understanding of the incidence, surgical eligibility, and outcomes of sICH in Southwest Finland. The researchers also discovered a comparable incidence of sICH compared with the European average, with only a small percentage of patients with sICH meeting the criteria for surgical intervention.
“Our findings also corroborated previous studies by demonstrating that the use of warfarin and DOACs significantly increase the risk of unfavorable outcomes. Given the substantial morbidity associated with sICH, further clinical trials and studies are essential to refine treatment strategies and improve patient quality of life,” the authors concluded.
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